A loan shark is an individual who lends money illegally, charging exorbitant interest rates and resorting to intimidation or violence if the borrower struggles to repay. If you've encountered a loan shark or are concerned about someone else, there is help available. Report loan sharks confidentially through the Stop Loan Sharks website or contact the local authorities if you face threats or danger.

How Loan Sharks Operate

In Nigeria, loan sharks operate outside the legal framework of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). They offer cash loans with steep interest rates, often without paperwork or transparent repayment terms. These lenders target individuals facing financial difficulties, and when repayments become challenging, they may resort to threats and pressure, creating a cycle of debt.

Spotting a Loan Shark

Identifying a loan shark isn't always straightforward, as they might initially appear friendly and supportive. They can even be acquaintances or family members. Loan sharks often:

• Offer cash loans, sometimes operating online.
• Apply extraordinarily high interest rates.
• Lack proper documentation and clear repayment terms.
• Provide loans without credit checks or affordability assessments.
• Take valuables, like passports or bank cards, as security.
• Use threats or force to ensure repayment.
• Pressure borrowers into taking additional loans, trapping them in debt.

Some loan sharks disguise themselves as door-to-door or payday lenders, offering short-term loans without proper authorization. Always exercise caution when approached by someone offering loans, especially from unfamiliar sources.

Checking Lender Authorization

To legally lend money in Nigeria, lenders must be authorized and regulated. Verify a lender's legitimacy by checking the Financial Services Register to ensure they are listed by the regulatory authorities.

Dealing with Loan Sharks

If you've borrowed money from a loan shark, remember that you are not legally obligated to repay an unlicensed lender. These lenders lack the legal standing to recover the debt. Report any harassment or threats to your local Trading Standards office and the police.

Identifying a Victim of a Loan Shark

Recognizing signs of loan shark victimization is crucial. Victims may:

• Have growing debt despite making regular payments.
• Express fear of consequences for late payments.
• Receive threatening messages about owed money.
• Surrender benefits, money, or personal items to lenders.
• Display anxiety, depression, or withdrawal.
• Show signs of physical violence.

Helping a Victim

If you suspect someone is a victim of a loan shark:

• Listen attentively and offer support.
• Assure them it's not their fault, and they are not alone.
• Remind them that the loan shark lacks legal rights to recover the debt.
• Suggest seeking medical help for any physical harm.
• Direct them to resources like the Loan advisory's service support.

Empowering individuals with knowledge and support is crucial in the fight against loan sharks in Nigeria.